EVIDENCE IN COMMERCIAL DISPUTES: KEY LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR BUSINESSES

In commercial practice, disputes are often unavoidable. When a dispute arises, the decisive factor in protecting a company’s legitimate rights and interests is evidence. In reality, however, many businesses do not fully understand the legal framework governing evidence, resulting in insufficient collection or submission of supporting documents when initiating or defending claims before courts or […]

MANDATORY CLAUSES IN INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS CONTRACTS: LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND PRACTICAL GUIDANCE

International sale of goods contracts play a crucial role in cross-border trade transactions. However, many businesses still question whether Vietnamese law prescribes mandatory clauses for such contracts. 1. Are There Mandatory Clauses Under Vietnamese Law? The short answer is: No specific list of mandatory clauses is prescribed. Under the Law on Commerce 2005, Vietnamese law […]

LAWFUL FORMS OF SALES PROMOTION UNDER VIETNAMESE LAW

Sales promotion is a common commercial practice used by businesses to stimulate consumer demand, increase sales, and enhance brand recognition. However, in order to ensure fair competition and protect consumers’ rights, Vietnamese law strictly regulates the forms of promotion that traders are permitted to conduct. Under the provisions of the Law on Commerce 2005 and […]

LEGAL RISKS OF PURCHASING LAND USING HANDWRITTEN AGREEMENTS IN VIETNAM

In practice, many individuals still buy and sell land using handwritten agreements instead of formal notarized contracts. This often occurs due to convenience, cost-saving considerations, or personal trust between the parties. However, under Vietnamese law, such transactions may expose the parties to significant legal risks, including the possibility that the transaction is declared invalid or […]

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