INTRODUCTION In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, personal data has become a highly valuable economic asset. Commercial companies, digital platforms, mobile applications, and other online service providers frequently exploit user data for advertising, market research, or data-sharing purposes with third parties. However, the collection, exploitation, and sharing of personal data without explicit consent […]
I. Introduction In the context of digital transformation and the rapid development of the data economy, personal data has become a crucial resource for business activities. Technology companies, e-commerce platforms, financial institutions, and digital media enterprises all rely on the collection, analysis, and exploitation of personal data to generate commercial value, optimize business operations, and […]
Commercial mediation is increasingly chosen by businesses as a dispute resolution mechanism due to its flexibility, confidentiality, and potential to preserve business relationships. However, alongside its notable advantages, commercial mediation also has certain limitations, particularly in terms of legal enforceability and binding effect. A thorough understanding of both the strengths and drawbacks of this method […]