In complex commercial transactions, particularly those involving multiple tiers of contracts such as supply chains, subcontracting, or project development, the concept of back-to-back clauses plays a crucial role. These clauses aim to ensure consistency and alignment between the primary (master) contract and downstream contracts by transferring obligations, rights, or liabilities from one party to another […]
In Vietnam’s public procurement system, legal clarity regarding the roles and responsibilities of bidders is essential to ensure compliance, transparency, and fair competition. The Law on Bidding 2023, as amended in 2024 (hereinafter referred to as the “Law on Bidding”), provides detailed definitions and conditions applicable to contractors and investors participating in procurement activities. This […]